Describe the type of business, purpose and ownership of two contrasting businesses free essay sample

The primary business I will examine is Westons Cider. In 1878 Henry Weston went to the homestead ‘The Bounds’ at Much Marcle, Herefordshire and proceeded with the custom of utilizing the organic products developed on the ranches natural product plantations to make juice. After two years in 1880 Henry Weston began building up his juice business after the acknowledgment of the treat from abroad imports made because of the British Empire yet at the same time realized it is difficult to accomplish the way of life he wanted for his family. This choice was impacted by his neighbor, Mr C W Radcliffe Cooke of ‘Hellens’ in Much Marcle. Cooke was a Member of Parliament for Herefordshire and accepted extraordinarily in the improvement of West Country juice making, with the goal that juice could then turn into a national beverage, along these lines he was known as the ‘Member for Cider’. Henry Weston before long picked up clients and gradually extended the business officially known as ‘Westons Cider’. This moderate extension wasn’t accomplished by publicizing, it was accomplished by suggestion. The convention of the business was then settled, a custom which has been kept up by the organization from that point onward. Westons Cider customary item has won numerous honors and are accessible in the UK as well as in 25 nations around the globe. Westons Cider utilizes in excess of 130 individuals, delivers more than 30 unique juices and perries, sells around 28 million pints per year and has a turnover of ? 24 million. They additionally have a Visitors Center which is available to the open throughout the entire year. It contains an honor winning patio garden, unique highlights at the Hampton Court Palace Flower appear in 2002, a conventional and are breeds ranch park and plantation walk, an eatery and a bistro and a blessing and juice shop where you can test each juice Westons Cider brings to the table. Westons Cider is a Private Limited Company in Herefordshire, this is on the grounds that it is a family claimed business and hence they don’t offer any portions of their business to the general population. By not selling any portions of Westons Cider, they are full control of the business as there are no impacts by investors and just as this, they get the chance to remain quiet about all the benefits. To purchase shares from Westons Cider, you must be a companion or a family and right off the bat must be welcome to get them. An advantage of Westons Cider being a Ltd is that the business has restricted risk, this implies the proprietors are isolated from the business and don’t lose individual resources if the business was to fail or into obligation. In contrast with a sole merchant which has boundless risk where they are the business and will lose individual advantages for take care of any obligations the business experiences. Westons Cider is a business is the private division. This is the place a business’ point is to make a benefit. Westons Cider’s reason for existing is to gracefully juice and they do this all through the essential, optional and tertiary part. A business that works in the essential is ones that gather crude materials. Westons Cider just gather and utilize top quality juice apples which are little, hard and unappetizing. They state that they just utilize two sorts of apples, ambivalent and unpleasant sharp. By mixing the matured juices the apples produce that will be that these two sorts of apples make the trademark quality, flavor and fragrance partner with Westons Cider and their juice. This is the place they fall into the optional area. The auxiliary area is the place a business makes the last item utilizing the crude materials. Westons Cider turns their own picked apples in juice at their plants just as placing the juice into bottles fit to be sold. They start off by processing and squeezing their apples to make the juice. The initial step is to clean the apples; this includes evacuating the twigs, leaves or mud on the apples. The apples are then hacked to a mash in the Bucher Mills where it can deliver 16 tons for every hour. When the apples are transformed into a mash, they are the squashed to then be at last separated for the juice. This is the point at which it begins to start maturation. This is the place the juices are left for a while with the goal that they can develop to build up its full character. Some of Westons Cider’s juice is as long as 200 years of age however ordinarily the basic items are left to develop for around eight months. Following development, the juice is explained, improved, chilled and afterward carbonated by their prerequisites. A tertiary division business is one that sells the item. For instance, a professional Farmsfood would be in the tertiary segment exclusively on the grounds that they purchase items from organizations in the auxiliary segment and offer them to buyers. Westons Cider is in the tertiary organizations on the grounds that in spite of offering to enormous retailers, Westons Cider’s juice can likewise be brought legitimately from their site where it is conveyed to you. This is accomplished by their dispersion division. Their vehicles go from a 1? ton van to seven verbalized Lorries with the ability to convey 28 tons each. Their conveyance infers and circulation group will try to get your juice to you instantly and effectively, this is something that Westons Cider prides themselves with. The second business I will examine is Cancer Research UK. Malignant growth Research as by the name recommends is a business that does disease research while spreading mindfulness in the UK. Malignant growth specialist is a business in the deliberate division. The intentional area is any business that are not claimed by the legislature and don’t expect to make a benefit. They are likewise in the tertiary part as they offer a support, being the exploration of malignancy to discover a fix just as noble cause gathering pledges to help prop their examination up. Malignancy Research UK was established in 2002 by the converge of the Cancer Research Campaign and the Imperial Cancer Research Trust. The Cancer Research UK’s research is for the most part financed by general society. They fund-raise through gifts, inheritances, network gathering pledges, occasions and retailer and associations activities and organizations. For instance, Morrisons could join forces with Cancer Research and leave assortment basins toward the finish of tills for clients to put their lose change in or whatever measure of cash they wish to give. Malignancy Research has more than 40,000 individuals who routinely volunteer to support their exploration. Just as this they additionally have 3,985 representatives that work for discover fixes utilizing the exploration gathered. The CEO of Cancer Research UK is Harpel S Humar MA, MEng, MBA. Kumar increased a Masters in Chemical Engineering from the University of Cambridge and afterward got a MBA as a Baker Scholar from the Harvard Business School. In the wake of working for the UK Atomic Energy Authority as an exploration researcher, Kumar then worked in the London office of McKinsey and Co, having some expertise in exhorting pharmaceutical customers on key issues. Later a short time later he at that point became CEO of the Papworth Trust, this spotlights on the spearheading recovery and lodging administrations for individuals with obtain and innate inabilities. Kumar then left Papworth in 1997 to become establishing CEO of Nexan Group, a funding upheld clinical gadget organization, making and promoting novel cardio-respiratory checking advancements. In 2002 Kumar joined Cancer Research Technology Limited as Chief Executive and afterward became Chief Operating Officer of Cancer Research UK in 2004 preceding getting Chief Executive in 2007. One key approach to assist Cancer With exploring UK is to turn into a Trustee of the Charity. This is fundamentally the same as willful jobs in any case, an intentional job that is all the more testing and is integral to the working of the cause. This resembles being a Director of a business organization. Malignant growth Research right now has 20 Trustees that oversee the business. These Trustees comprise of individuals from logical and non-logical foundations. They should guarantee that the association of the business has an unmistakable key course, it is appropriately overseen and that is works to an elevated requirement of administration. The Trustees take part in casual occasions and serve on boards of trustees include in explicit territories of Cancer Research UK’s work to ensure the time duty is as long as a day a month. Proper preparing and acceptance are given and Trustees are secured by the required protection. Being a Trustee requires trustworthiness, a pledge to the causes crucial the capacity to fill in as a group with the right aptitudes. They additionally must be delicate to the issue too and turning into a Trustee requires critical duties, vitality and duty however it is likewise every fulfilling and significant component in the achievement of the cause.

Strategic management Issues

Question : Talk about the key Issues and Give Your Recommendations ? Answer : Presentation Key administration includes the techniques of figuring and actualizing the key objective, goals just as the activities taken by the business association top administration for the benefit all things considered, in light of the thought of key organization assets and the evaluation of interior and outer condition which the organization works. Vital administration is one of the major hard aptitude in business the board, key administration involves the executives of business association and undertakings proactively with the primary destinations of starting long haul systems. Inside the business condition includes calculating the affiliation which impacts the achievement and approach of activity (David, 2013).. The outer business condition has the command over the gateway and the dangers that influence the business activity. It is essential to guarantee that, the inward business activities are deliberately planned and actualized, this guarantees the key objectives and destinations of the association are accomplished. Subsequently, key administration includes the system of investigating the cross-useful business choice, which is reached by the administration while they foresee for better execution of the association. Key administration displays the job of the board in an association, regardless of whether they are qualified in conveying the best administration administrations to investors of the organization, it likewise requires the responsibility of key arranging which speaks to the hierarchical capacity to set objectives and destinations which characterize the heading for the organization. About Nestle Company Settle is a Swiss transnational food and drink organization, with its central command is situated at Vevey, Switzerland. The organization is the biggest food organization on the planet; this is by proportion of its incomes and different measurements for 2014, 2015 and 2015 continuously. It is likewise positioned number 72 on the Fortune Global 500 out of 2014, Number 33 on Forbes Global 2000 rundown of biggest open organizations. Settle items contain child food, breakfast oats, espresso and tea, solidified food, pet nourishments among different items, the organization brands have the yearly deals which are assessed to be over $1.1 billion. Settle organization has 447 industrial facilities which work in 190 nations, it worker more than 339, 000 individuals. The organization is the fundamental partner of L'Oreal, which the world biggest corrective organization. Settle starting point is gone back to 1866 when two organizations were authors the two organizations last framed the Nestle organization. After the development of Nestle Company, the administration of the two association joined their endeavors and extended the business exercises of Nestle Company across Europe and United States. The organization is centering to be a pioneers in food industry particularly, wellbeing, sustenance, and health. In spite of its accomplishment in food industry advertise, Nestle Company is as yet working under certain issues, which needs the organization the board to deliberately actualize on pertinent parameters, the organization needs to beat these issues so as to accomplish its objectives and goals. Settle organization vision is to Meet the Various needs and requests of shoppers in their regular live, this is by advertising and selling food items which are of high caliber. The destinations of this are to guarantee that, they convey the absolute best quality items in each movement they do, particularly from the essential produce, selections of providers and transport, to plans and bundling materials. The organization crucial to endeavor towards bringing shoppers food items that are protected and adds to wellbeing and health. Settle Company helps to give the determination to all person in all ages bunches in the market. Hence, the primary motivation behind the organization is to offer, protected, delectable just as nutritious nourishments to improve wellbeing and prosperity of purchasers in the market. They will in general fulfill present and future needs from the buyers. The achievement of Nestle organization is essentially founded on the responsibility of the administration all the partners. The essential goals of the organization are to give to its clients assortment of Nutritious items which have distinctive test choice, this will permit the customers to pick the test they like. The drawn out technique and achievement of Nestle Company is because of the general speculation of logical research which is done on explicit sustenance angles. Hierarchical structure The hierarchical structure is likewise called the authoritative outline, it ordinarily shows the connection between different individual in an association, and it characterizes the connection between directors, investors and representatives. An authoritative structure relies upon the size of the organization. Where when the graph develops to be enormous, it is braced into littler diagrams that will speak to various offices inside the business element. Settle organization utilized significant hierarchical structures which are characterized to contributes toward accomplishing their missions. Settles Corporation is decentralized association that sorts out its activities as indicated by the lattice authoritative structures. A network hierarchical structure is a structure which the announcing connection between the representatives and the executives are set up as a grid structure, workers have double relationship particularly to useful chiefs and the item supervisor. Settle as a decentralized hierarchical structure that permits the subordinate to settle on choice and present a similar choice to the administration, other may have double responsibility with their administration while they execute on decisional matters in an association. In spite of the fact that the general reportings are made to the top administration, the day by day activities of the associations are left back to the representatives, where the activity choices are pushed down to subordinates. Settle Company is classified to have a place with a natural association type which is described as exceptionally versatile and adaptable to the two workers and the board, and including the partners. The worker inside the organization are not qualified to be given more guidelines and guidelines or rather direct oversight from the administration. In advancing the natural hierarchical framework, the association has had the option to have profoundly gifted and prepared proficient which are urged to shape groups inside the organization. Because of significant level of impact from inside and outside business condition, the representatives structure groups and gathering so as to fathom explicit issues influencing the organization, for example the logical research in food industry. Along these lines, cooperation in a significant component and resource which us utilized by the organization in endeavoring towards accomplishing its vital The corporate system of the organization For achieving the hierarchical crucial, utilizes three methodologies that permit the organization to keep up an upper hand over its adversaries. It incorporates operational columns, development drivers and upper hand (Nestle.com., 2017). Operational columns: Development and remodel: As referenced in the organization site, Nestl concentrates upon advancement and redesign. The organization has to a great extent concentrated on item improvement and office the executives with the assistance of development and redesign. With the business driving innovative work wing, the organization bolsters consistent development of the food and drink portfolio. It encourages the organization to utilize compelling procedures and market alluring items (Nestle.com., 2017). Operational productivity: the organization chooses utilizing the best crude materials, techniques and serves the highest caliber and most secure items to the purchasers. Nestl Continuous Excellence is the hierarchical methodology for supporting productivity, killing wastage, and improving the nature of the item (Nestle.com., 2017). At whatever point, any place, in any case: for offering the best quality support the organization chooses the best advertising blend, which incorporates the assorted product offering of the organization, the sensible valuing system for the items, proper limited time methodologies and the open appropriation channel (Nestle.com., 2017). Figure 1: Corporate Strategy of Nestl (Source: Nestle.com., 2017) Development drivers Sustenance, Health, and Wellness: the organization has the crucial contribution the great quality items and in this manner, upgrading the nature of lives of the shoppers and address the ceaseless ailment through nourishment (Nestle.com., 2017). Developing markets and prominence situated items: the organization has picked situating its well known items in the developing markets for the low salary client base (Nestle.com., 2017). Out-of-home utilization: the organization has picked a keen procedure of Out-of-home by presenting items for relaxation and others by means of stands, gourmet eateries, institutional cooking, schools and clinics (Gassmann, Frankenberger Csik 2016). Premiumisation: the organization comprehends the need of delight minutes among the clients. Subsequently, Nestl has decided on Premiumisation technique in which the organization offers premium results of the highest caliber in somewhat additional installment (Laforet, 2015). Upper hand Unrivaled Product and Brand Portfolio: in the segment of sustenance, wellbeing and health, the organization has the biggest number of broadened product offering in food and refreshments. It serves a tremendous degree of upper hand to the organization (Gassmann, Frankenberger Csik, 2016). Unparalleled Research and Development capacity: with a strategic being the pioneer in sustenance, wellbeing and health, the organization is continually concentrating on research and advancement in building up the item quality and hierarchical procedure (Nestle.com., 2017). Unrivaled geographic nearness: the organization is working in 194 nations with in excess of 447 processing plants, which fills in as the upper hand and a proof of the client inclination for the b

Emergencies and Divorce How to Plan For Worst-Case Scenarios

Emergencies and Divorce How to Plan For Worst-Case Scenarios Emergencies and Divorce: How to Plan For Worst-Case Scenarios Emergencies and Divorce: How to Plan For Worst-Case ScenariosBuilding an emergency fund is key, as is making sure that both partners in any marriage have a clear understanding of the couples finances.It’s easy to plan for the things we’re looking forward to. Want to save up for a nice vacation? It may take some discipline and dedication, but it can be nice to think about, and thinking about saving money is the first step to saving it. It might not be easy, but every time you get discouraged, you can just picture yourself on a beach, sipping a drink from a coconut with a little umbrella in it and redouble your efforts.But it’s much harder to motivate yourself to think about the bad stuff in life, let alone actually translate those thoughts into action. We don’t want to consider the possibility that negative life events like financial emergencies, divorce or even death, are going to happen. But they very much can. In fact, they’re extremely common! And the last one is guarant eed!And as bad as any costly emergency or divorce can be, they’ll be so much worse if you aren’t prepared for them. Failing to plan for emergency expenses is how people end up taking out predatory no credit check loans like payday loans and cash advancesâ€"a fate that should be avoided at all costs. So how can you prepare for the things you’d rather forget about?Take things one step at a time.Before we get into the specifics of how to plan for specific tragic life events, it’s important to make sure you’re in the right mindset. And that could mean sometimes taking a little break.“First, I think its important to recognize that we are all a little weird when it comes to money,” began Derek Hagen, founder of Hagen Financial. “And thats even when we are thinking about the happy parts of money. We get more uncomfortable talking about money than we do about politics, sex, and religion. So its natural that we get really uncomfortable when we think about areas where somethin g might go wrong or where we failed.“As uncomfortable as it is, its important to try and talk about these topics, with our spouses, partners, children, parents, or anyone who would be involved if something happened. Starting the conversation is step one. Try to separate emotions from these financial decisions. We dont want to talk about our death because its uncomfortable, but ignoring it could lead to far more stress for our heirs.“When having money conversations, try to recognize when you are about to feel emotional flooding. When we talk about stressful situations there comes a time when our ‘logical brain’ shuts off and we speak with our ‘emotional brain’ only. To avoid this, try taking 20-30 minute breaks when you feel this is about to happen. Respect and encourage others who suggest taking a break as well, since they will want to avoid emotional flooding, as well.”OK. Now you’re in the right mindset and you’re going to take breaks when necessary. Let’s star t with some general emergency planning advice.How to start building your emergency fund.An emergency fund is a good step to have regardless of what kind of life event may come your way. Having one in place means that you can do what needs to be done during an emergency without having to worry about the cost. Otherwise, you might end up having to take out a bad credit loan to make ends meet. And while some of these loans can be a sound financial solution, many others are not.“You need an emergency fund in case of an emergency, such as losing your job or having big unexpected medical or other bills,” advised Eric Meermann, certified financial planner (CFP), enrolled agent (EA), and vice president of  Palisades Hudson Financial Group (@palisadeshudson).“First, create a budget and track your monthly living expenses. Remove non-essential expenses that you would go without in the event of an emergency, such as losing your job. This will help you determine how much you need to have i n your emergency fund. Typically, your emergency cash reserve should be able to cover at least six months of anticipated living expenses, and as much as 12 months if you are the sole income earner in your household, are concerned about job security, or are self-employed.“Open a separate bank account from your primary checking account, such as an online savings account, for your emergency fund. You want to have access on short notice, while avoiding the temptation to use these savings for non-emergencies. Most importantly, your emergency fund should not be invested in the stocks or bonds to avoid the risk that it could decline in value when you need to use it. Also avoid putting your fund in a CD because you don’t want to incur costly penalties if you need to access the money before the CD matures.“Put your emergency fund contributions on auto-pilot by setting up recurring monthly transfers from your checking account to your savings account. If the transfers occur automatically , you are more likely to reach your savings target faster than if you leave it up to yourself to fund the account without wavering.”A well-stocked emergency fund will help you through any number of different stressful situations. However, there’s one area where it won’t be that much use at all: divorce.To prevent a messy divorce, both partners need to know the financials.While divorce might not be as scary as death, it can be even harder to discuss with your partner. After all, why would you even bring it up, especially if things are going well?!But no one gets married with the plan to get divorced. That’s why it can be a good idea to discuss things like prenups when things are going well and you’re both deeply, madly in love rather than risk having to hammer out those sorts of details if things get rocky.It’s also important that shared finances get shared attention.“As a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst (TM), the biggest mistake I see with clients is not having a g rasp of their financials: both the daily expenses as well as the investments,” warned Certified Divorce Financial Analyst Jennifer Jank.“One spouse typically either handles them all, or one handles the daily and the other handles investments. Both spouses need to understand their household income and expenses, as well as the balances of investment accounts (including retirement accounts) and how theyre invested. Then when the divorce happens (or the spouses death happens), the less knowledgeable partner is blindsided by everything they dont know.”Financial advisor Rosemary Frank echoed and expanded on that sentiment: “The most comprehensive way to prepare financially for divorce is to fully participate in the household finances. Know what is going on. A recent survey by UBS revealed that 98% of all divorced women say they wish they had known more about what their husbands were doing with the finances. If he ‘won’t let you’ participate, you are more ready for divorce th an you may realize. Financial abuse is rampant. The same research shows that millennials are much more likely to surrender financial responsibilities to husbands than boomers. This is shocking.”Hopefully you’ll take those steps before a divorce happens. But there are also considerations to make post-divorce, as Mark Charnet, founder and CEO of American Prosperity Group, told us:“After a divorce, the individual must analyze where they currently are relative to a projected retirement date, determine assets on hand, risk tolerance and available recurring capital to direct to retirement plans. Even though the divorcee potentially lost half of their retirement plan in the divorce, they also lost a portion of the expense to pay for the now ex-spouses retirement needs. More discipline is required to pay yourself first, live on less today in order to have more in retirement, and to carefully monitor the retirement plan statements for any buying opportunities. With a religious fervor, contributions must be increased and accelerated to take advantage of ‘dollar cost averaging,’ the opportunity to purchase with a lesser average cost than the average price over time.”Nobody likes preparing for the worst. But for those who take the time do that prep, their worst isnt quite as worse as everyone else’s. To learn more about long-term financial planning, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:Good Personal Finance for the Long TermFrom Budget to Baller: 6 Tips to Grow Your MoneyThe DO’s and DO NOT’s of Saving For CollegeHave you and your family planned for worst case scenarios? We want to hear from you!  You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsMark Charnet, founder and CEO of American Prosperity Group, has been in the retirement and financial estate planning field for over 35 years. Mark has numerous certifications and credentials, including Life and Health Insurance, Certified Annuity Specialist and FINR A Series 6, 63, and 65 Securities Licenses. APG’s unique approach to retirement and legacy planning allows clients to retire with confidence.Rosemary Frank is the Principal of Rosemary Frank Financial, LLC, a fee-only Registered Investment Adviser. As such, she provides services in the areas of wealth management, divorce financial consulting, and other attorney support services. Bound by the fiduciary standard, she always puts the clients best interests ahead of all other considerations.Derek Hagen  is the founder of Hagen Financial, LLC, a financial coaching and counseling firm that helps clients develop a healthy relationship with money and find the motivation to change their behavior. He is the founder of the Money Health blog which  helps readers increase their financial health. Derek holds the Certified Financial Planner and Chartered Financial Analyst designations. In his free time, he enjoys all things outdoors, especially camping, hiking, and running.Jennifer “JJ” Jank focuses on women and their financial needs, and her goal is to empower women through financial education, including divorce financial analysis. She is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst ® professional. She can be found on the internet through either of her website www.FabFemFinance.com.Eric Meermann, CFP ®, CVA, EA, is the senior client service executive in the Stamford office of Palisades Hudson Financial Group (@palisadeshudson), where he supervises the staff of client service professionals. As a vice president, he is also responsible for firmwide professional staff development, as well as serving clients in the Northeast and across the country.

The Salem With Trials - 685 Words

Salem Witch Trials The 17th century was filled with mystery because of the strong beliefs in the supernatural powers and the presence of Satan on Earth in the colonial North America. Witchcraft, the use of magical faculties, was mainly used by the peasants with a particular charm of being associated with the evil spirits and demons to prosper in their agricultural activities. In fact, many literatures were written on witchcraft during that period. For instance, Joseph Glanvill in 1668, claimed to have proof of the existence of these powers in witches and ghosts in his thesis titled â€Å"Against Modern Sadducism†. Along with this thesis, other works by Cotton Mather, a minister at the Boston North Church, created the fear among the people about the wandering and meandering of demons on Earth (Adams, 2009). As a result, there was caution and concern among people from all quarters regarding the activity of witchcraft and black magic. This proves the common mindset of the society and the religious views and beliefs were blindly followed during those days; particularly when Christianity was almost occult. In the Salem Village (currently Denver, Massachusetts), people believed that ills and misfortunes were a result of the Devil’s tricky activities. Hence, natural events such as infant deaths, failure of crops, conflicts and friction in the society were attributed to the supernatural powers. There were numerous accusations on witchcraft activities for all the unusual outbreak ofShow MoreRelatedThe Salem Trials : The Causes Of The Salem Witch Trials989 Words   |  4 Pages What type of people were involved in the trials? The type of people involved in the trials was the surroundings of the Salem village, puritan religion, but mostly women. Their belief was sacred to both, god and devil. They believed that women were too weak to fight the devil and lose so they become the devils servant, which is a witch. Puritans also believed in predestination which is having god already knowing it they go to heaven or hell. No matter what life they had, whether good or bad, theyRead MoreSalem Witchcraft Trials : The Salem Witch Trials1723 Words   |  7 Pages2015 Salem Witchcraft Trials The Salem Witch Trials took place in colonial Massachusetts within modern day town Danvers and continued from sixteen ninety-two to sixteen ninety-three. The â€Å"Witchcraft Craze† rippled throughout Europe and included the events at Salem Village. This craze lasted from the thirteen hundreds to the sixteen hundreds and was caused by many religious reasons. More than two hundred people were accused of witchcraft, the â€Å"devil’s magic,† and twenty were executed in Salem TownRead MoreThe Trial Of The Salem Witch Trials905 Words   |  4 PagesI. Introduction In January 1692, when a group of juvenile girls began to display bizarre behavior, the tight-knit Puritan community of Salem, Massachusetts couldn’t explain the unusual afflictions and came to a conclusion. Witches had invaded Salem. This was the beginning of a period of mass hysteria known as The Salem Witch Trials. Hundreds of people were falsely accused of witchcraft and many paid the ultimate price of death. Nineteen people were hung, one was pressed to death, and as many asRead MoreThe Trials Of The Salem Witch Trials1866 Words   |  8 Pagessurrounding the cause of the Salem Witch Trials 1692 makes the topic captivating as many historian perspectives offer explanations for the causation of the trials, yet the personal context of each historian has determined its historic reliability. This questions the level of objectivity each historian has in their responses to the Trials. The aims and purposes of a historian, as well as their differing methodologies may alter the approach the have towards the investigation of the Trials. Many interpretationsRead MoreThe Trials Of The Salem Witch Trials1635 Words   |  7 Pagesovercome was the Salem Witch Trials. The Salem Witch Trials occurred in 1692 and 1693 in colonial Massachusetts. â€Å"More than 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft – the Devil’s magic – and 20 were executed† as detailed by Jess Blumberg on the web article A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials (Blumberg 2007). The trials had a major impact on the American society and the effects could be seen in colonial America as well as today. Why did the injustice of the Salam Witch Trials occur and whyRead MoreThe Trials Of Salem Witch Trials Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe notorious witch trials in Salem began in Spring of 1692. This started after a young group of girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts, professed they were possessed by the devil. These young girls even went as far as accusing some local women of practicing witchcraft. As a frenzy spreaded throughout colonial Massachusetts, a specific court was summoned to hear cases. Bridget Bishop was the first convicted witch and she was hung in that June following her trial. Eighteen other people followed BishopRead MoreSalem Witch Trials And Trials1320 Words   |  6 PagesSalem Witch Trials was a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in the Salem Village of the 17th century New England. The trials caused executions of many people but mostly women. Salem Witch Trials exposed the different roles men and women were supposed to play d uring the seventeenth century. Women were supposed to take on â€Å"wifely duties† such as, be mothers and housewives. Women were thought to follow the men. 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Political, localRead MoreThe Trial Of The Salem Witch Trials991 Words   |  4 Pagesvillages of Salem Village and Salem Town became incriminated in the hunt of questionable witches or heretics among their residents. â€Å"Nineteen people were executed for witchcraft, one died after being crushed to death during his questioning, and seven more died in prison awaiting trial after a special tribunal was created to address the accusations.† Later on the colony admitted the trials were a mistake and eventually compensated the families of those convicted. The Salem Witch Trials were an eventRead MoreThe Trials Of Salem Witch Trials1069 Words   |  5 PagesEven though the Salem witch trials were made to seem formal, they were actually subjective and not based on fact. Since there were multiple people being accused of witchcraft, the trials were short and quick to sentence. The witch trials lasted less than a year. The first arrests were made on March 1, 1692, and the final han ging day was September 22, 1692. The Court of Oyer and Terminer was dissolved in October of 1692. The Salem Witch Trials occurred in the spring of 1692, when a group

Thomas Mores Utopia Essay example - 1441 Words

Throughout Thomas Mores Utopia, he is able to successfully criticize many of the political, social, and economic ways of the time. His critique of feudalism and capitalism would eventually come back to haunt him, but would remain etched in stone forever. On July 6, 1535, by demand of King Henry VIII, More was beheaded for treason. His last words stood as his ultimate feeling about royalty in the 15th and 16th centuries, The Kings good servant, but Gods first. Throughout his life, More spoke his beliefs about feudalism, capitalism, and his ideals of Utopia; More was a thinker, good friend of Erasmus, and although many critics take Utopia as a blueprint for society, in many instances he encourages thought, a critical part of the†¦show more content†¦Accused of involvement with others against the split from Rome, More was committed to the Tower of London, and later beheaded. Throughout Utopia, Thomas More is able to cause many distractions to the reader while trying to determine what exactly More was trying to convey. Thomas is able to divide a short complex novel into two distinct parts with very different narrative perspectives. The first of these perspectives is Raphael Hythloday, considered to be a radical, `with utopian ideals. The second character is Thomas More himself. Sir Thomas More did travel to Flanders on behalf of King Henry VII; however, Raphael Hythloday is only a piece of Mores imagination. Soon after meeting Hythloday, we find out that he is a world traveler and philosopher. We learn of his voyages with Amerigo Vespucci, his voyage to Ceylon, Calcutta, back to Portugal, only observing social practices. At this point we read of Mores infatuation with Hythlodays recollection of the island of Utopia. We then see Mores criticism of society arise. When More and Giles suggest to Hythloday that he enter the service of some king or ot her, Raphael responds, How can I do that by acting against all my instincts? At present I live exactly as I please, which is more, I suspect, than the vast majority of court officials can say. Besides, kings have quite enough people competing for their friendship already. It wontShow MoreRelated Thomas Mores Utopia Essays1404 Words   |  6 PagesThomas More’s Utopia is a work of ambiguous dualities that forces the reader to question More’s real view on the concept of a utopian society. However, evidence throughout the novel suggests that More did intend Utopia to be the â€Å"best state of the commonwealth.† The detailed description of Utopia acts as Mores mode of expressing his humanistic views, commenting on the fundamentals of human nature and the importance of reason and natural law, while gracefully combining the two seemingly conflictingRead MoreThe Characteristics Of Thomas Mores Utopia913 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1516, Thomas More published the well-known book titled †Å"Utopia,† where he defined the word as either â€Å"a good place† or â€Å"no place.† In the novel, More described an ideal communal society that was almost unheard of in his time. His â€Å"Utopia,† whose name was possibly derived from the Greek roots â€Å"ou not† and â€Å"tà ³p(os) a place† (â€Å"Utopia), can ultimately be considered a prototype of a modern welfare state (â€Å"Utopia (book)†). This, combined with a lack of private property and other characteristics,Read MoreThomas Mores Utopia Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesThomas More’s Utopia is a work of ambiguous dualities that forces the reader to question More’s real view on the concept of a utopian society. However, evidence throughout the novel suggests that More did intend Utopia to be the â€Å"best state of the commonwealth.† The detailed description of Utopia acts as Mores mode of expressing his humanistic views, commenting on the fundament als of human nature and the importance of reason and natural law while gracefully combining the two seemingly conflictingRead MoreThe Paradox Of Thomas Mores Utopia As An Adjective?1441 Words   |  6 PagesWhen Thomas More penned Utopia in 1535, he not only created a new genre in fiction, he also created a new adjective.   Miriam-Webster defines Utopia as: a place of ideal perfection especially in laws, government, and social conditions. An alternate definition given by the same dictionary is: an impractical scheme for social improvement.(Miriam-Webster) For the purpose of this essay we will be focusing on the latter; Utopia as an adjective. The paradox of the paradigm of Mores Utopia is that allRead MoreThe Background Of Sir Thomas Mores Utopia2005 Words   |  9 PagesUtopia can easily be called Sir Thomas More’s most prominent and prestigious piece of writing. It tackled complex issues of religion, social status, and politics within the made up island of Utopia. To se e why Sir Thomas More had such insight into these issues we must first know a bit about his background. Sir Thomas More lived from February 7, 1478 to July 6, 1535. He served as a counselor to Henry VIII and Lord High Chancellor of England during his life. He was notably opposed to reformation, especiallyRead MoreAnalysis of Thomas Mores Utopia Essay527 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is it about Thomas Mores Utopia that makes it as accessible and relevant to a 21st century westernized Catholic teenage boy as it did to an 18th century middle aged Jewish women? Utopia, a text written 500 odd years ago in differing country and language, is still a valid link to a contemporary understanding of society, human nature and morals. Through Mores Utopia, it becomes evident that the trans-historical and trans-cultural nature of the text emerges through Mores conscious and subconsciousRead More Socialism and Thomas Mores Utopia Essay2345 Words   |  10 PagesSocialism and Thomas Mores Utopia      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Socialist ideals have recurred throughout the history of literature; from Plato to Marx the elusive goal of a perfect state has occupied some of the best minds in political thought manifesting itself in literature. In the midst of this historic tradition is the Utopia of More, a work which links the utopias of the ancient with the utopias of the modern. Hythlodays fantasy island draws heavily on the Greek Republic and yet it influenced the revolutionaryRead MoreEducation in Thomas Mores Utopia Essay2638 Words   |  11 PagesThe goal of education is to learn, and in this process of learning and being educated there are some greater goals that are served. Education in Thomas More’s Utopia seems to cater to a larger goal, which is to create virtuous persons and citizens, as they are responsible for attaining a flourishing human community. In Shakespeare’s The Tempest there seems to be an underlying idea of a connection between education and a sense of social control. The idea of instilling among his subjects a sense ofRead More A Deconstruction Reading of Thomas Mores Utopia Essay1785 Words   |  8 PagesA Deconstruction Reading of Thomas Mores Utopia Thomas Mores Utopia is the bastard child of European conventions and humanist ideals. Inspired by Mores belief in the elevation of human manners, education, and morals, the text also concedes to the omnipresent traditions of European society. While More accepts parentage of the text, he distances himself from its radical notions and thinly veiled condemnation of Europes establishment. Through the use of a benign narrator, Raphael HythlodayRead MoreThe Perfect Society In Sir Thomas Mores Utopia790 Words   |  4 Pages What is a Utopia? When people think of the term Utopia they think of an ideal or perfect Society. In Sir Thomas More’s â€Å"Utopia† we are introduced to such a society. However, today’s reader can see that the society More’s mention’s is filled with many underlying problems that make it seem less ideal or perfect, because it puts too much stress on the freedom’s and rights of its citizens. Such an act is detrimental in creating a utopia, because if the citizens are not happy with their freedom’s and

Final Corporate Enterprise Free Essays

Enterprise architecture is a strategic planning model of an organization. It is an important foundation that has grown from the impact of globalization and modern market dynamics. It facilitates an organization streamline technological and Information Technology (IT) strategies achieve tangible synergies and value addition in its business. We will write a custom essay sample on Final Corporate Enterprise or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are key steps, and milestones involved in the designing and implementation of this model from the corporate current state to a final corporate Enterprise Architecture (EA). The steps, standards and guidelines involved in the enterprise architecture process are discussed below. However every enterprise has its own unique characteristics meaning that there can be no particular model of enterprise architecture that suits all enterprises. The person responsible for the development of the enterprise architecture is the enterprise architect (Feurer, 2007). Step 1: Initiate the EA Program The involvement and approval of the management of the corporation bears a pivotal role in this process. Therefore the initial step would be to win the goodwill and commitment of the management team (Feurer, 2007). Step 2: Establish EA governance Effective governance demands a competent decision-making process that elaborately defines the roles and responsibilities of the parties involved in the process as well as the desired standards to be attained. Enterprise architecture governance has five fundamental viewpoints namely: organization and roles, processes, standards and templates, tools, and key performance indicators (KPIs). The responsibility of the enterprise architect will be to; define governance principles, integrating governance into the EA and identifying the relevant governance bodies to ensure the process complies with the defined EA principles (Feurer, 2007). Step 3: Define the Architectural Approach In this step the EA team defines the bridging strategy to close the gap between the current-state and the final-state. There are six major tasks in this step; to understand and utilize the enterprises operating model, draw a basic core graphic representation of the organization’s operating model that depicts the desired state of the enterprise architecture (this may require a particular template ), definition of the utilization and scope of the EA-this should be in tandem with the organization’s strategic plan, collaborate with the various stakeholders of the organization by educating the stakeholders on the benefits of the EA, the identification of the most appropriate EA framework is done at this point and lastly, the implementation of the EA is bound to demand skills that may not be currently in the organization, therefore elaborate educational and skill enhancement programs are developed at this stage (Feurer, 2007). Step 4: Develop the EA In developing the final-state EA, the basic viewpoints will have to be clearly elaborated for the purpose of accomplishing the following; collect ing information and developing an information resource base on enterprise architecture in order to develop appropriate EA products as well as carry out a gap analysis and design the way forward to the final-state, defining the final-state as it would be desired (the â€Å"to-be state), document the current-state. The current-state assessment document is meant to provide the necessary information to guide the strategy to the final-state (Cashman, 2005. p 8) (See a graphic representation of current-state assessment in appendix A). Also in this step the EA products should be reviewed and updated to comply with the desired state. This is jointly done with the subject matter experts (SMEs) (Feurer, 2007). The gaps between the current-state and final-state are analyzed with the help of a gap analysis. The way forward referred to as the â€Å"migration path† is planned. It will include a step by step process of movement from the current-state to the final-state with a focus on the resources required. Finally the approval and publishing of the EA is done. Step 5: Use the EA The Enterprise architecture is used as a strategic planning model of an organization. It will provide a collaboration platform for the EA team and the people who will implement it. In this step there is the promotion of the use of EA, the utilization of EA in procurement of the appropriate technological infrastructure, and lastly the implementation of the Corporation’s projects by the use of EA. Step 6: Maintain the EA The EA should be assimilated in the dynamics of the corporation’s business. It should be periodically reviewed with the view to adapt the necessary changes. Conclusion The evolving of enterprise architecture is a major step in the growing opportunities for innovation in any organization that seeks to comply with the global standards. As much as EA enhances the corporate image of an organization it is paramount that the corporation shares the lessons learnt with other organizations (Feurer, 2007). Appendix A The graphic representation above shows the current state of ICT in an organization’s department under five separate but interrelated topics (Cashman,2005. p 3). References Cashman, T. (2005). Current State Assessment: ICT Strategy Project. Department of Communications, Marine and Natural Resources. Retrieved February 21, 2009 from http://www. dcenr. gov. ie/NR/rdonlyres/C7917512-C6D9-43AB-8FAF-75525AC353B0/0/ICTStrategyCurrentStateAssessment. pdf Feurer, S. , (2007). Putting the Enterprise Architect in Enterprise Architecture. SAP NetWeaver Magazine. Retrieved February 21, 2009 from http://www. netweavermagazine. com/archive/Volume_04_(2008)/Issue_01_(Winter)/v4i1a09. cfm? session Feurer, S. , (2009). Building an Agile Enterprise Architecture. SAP NetWeaver Magazine. Retrieved February 21, 2009 from http://www. sapnetweavermagazine. com/archive/Volume_03_(2007)/Issue_04_(Fall)/v3i4a12. cfm? session Kreizman, G. , Robertson, B. , (2006). Incorporating security into the Enterprise Architecture Process. Retrieved February 21,2009 from http://egovstandards. gov. in/egs/eswg5/enterprise-architecture-working-group-folder/gartners-reports/incorporating_security_into__137028. pdf/download How to cite Final Corporate Enterprise, Papers

Does Alexander the Great Deserve His Title The Great Essay Example For Students

Does Alexander the Great Deserve His Title The Great? Essay In history, many great things were achieved. But its not Just about what was accomplished. Its about who did it. Wars were fought, tears were shed. One of the most well-known men who fought in these wars was Alexander the Great. Does he actually deserve the Great on the end of his name? Was he a good enough leader to have that title? Some people would beg to differ, but I believe he has every right to have the Great on the end of his name. At around age twenty-twenty-knells, a young prince became king and prepared for the beginning to a new world. This man was called Alexander the Great. He had been tutored by Aristotle, making him very well educated and smart. This would help him out In his future for great decision making skills and an amazing strategist. The previous king, his father had been assassinated (stabbed in the rib by his former body guard), causing him to tremble with rage and find this man. This started a whole new period of war and tactics. In order for Alexander to actually become king, he had to endure many difficult tasks. He had to compete against anyone who wanted to be king. This included his brother, whom he managed to beat. I mean, who would go to great extremes enough to kill their own brother? Alexander becomes the General of Army even before he becomes king. In Thebes, he was declared invincible. Although he may sound very cruel, he had a sensitive side. He would be very kind to his army. He would not Just make his own decisions but got their opinion too. That is why so many stayed by his side and didnt leave him even though they were longing to go home. He would also let many of his enemies go free. Alexander wasnt too easy on the many people he fought though. One of his first discoveries that he was going to be different than many leaders was when he was twelve. He tamed a horse no one could ever tame. He called him asphalts. The horse stayed by his side forever. During war, he creates a deadly wall of spears. He created some special chariots. He was protected with his role models shield, the shield of Achilles. In one battle, his helmet splits In two. That Is amazing. Surely he should have died. But he didnt. Alexander was known In many miles of land. He became pharaoh of Egypt. He created a town In many places he went, totaling In ten. Priests said he was the son of Zeus. He gradually became the king of Asia. He is the richest man known to history (60 million dollars). He conquered one and a half million square miles. That is unbelievable. He deserves the Great for that. The entire time he was searching for this man named Dairies. He had escaped two times. Alexander managed to finally Soon after the capture of Dairies, Alexander life would come to an end. He had returned to Persia. He caught Malaria. He died of a severe fever at the age of thirty- two or thirty-three. This was a very sad day. Mourning swept the nation. Overall, Alexander the Great deserved his name. He was like no other leader. He conquered thousands of miles. He was well known and recognized everywhere he traveled. He established ten cities. He mixed many different ideas. He established the greatest empire at that time. There are many more things he accomplished. I am amazed at the work he did. He created more war tactics, strategies, and weapons. He was one of the greatest men in history.

Pesticide Essays - Pesticides, Environmental Health, Biocides

Pesticide Pesticides are chemicals that make our produce perfect, and our yards free of pests. However, this perfection comes at a price to many different people. Pesticides are poisons with the sole purpose of killing. They are intended to kill weeds, insects and fungus. There are three types of pesticides called herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides. Every pesticide has an active ingredient, and an inert ingredient. The active ingredient is the poison that kills he pest, and the inert ingredient is the carrying, or spreading compound. (Honey pg. 2) Pesticides were once thought of as a miracle cure for hunger. They were supposed to keep crops free of pests, and misquitos under control. People were not aware of the dangers that these poisons possessed. DDT* was supposed to be a, "benefactor for all humanity" (Honey pg. 2). There were few regulations on the use of DDT use. It was even sprayed where children played. It was intended to kill misquitos, but it ended up poisoning, even killing people. (Honey pg.2) Elizabeth Rollings says that one of her teachers, Mrs. Keller, had a sister that died from DDT poisoning when Mrs. Keller was a child. People came to her house that sprayed the bushes with DDT to control misquitos, and when Mrs. Keller and her sister played near the bushes they were exposed to the deadly poison. Now a days the U.S. has seen the dangers that pesticides possess and banned many kinds from use in this country. However, the U.S. has yet to ban them from being made here and exported to foreign countries. In fact, 25 tons are exported every hour. (Honey pg. 1) There are three main problems with this: the regulations are very low in the places the U.S. exports to, many of the people in those places are unaware of the dangers, and the pesticides can return on the produce that the U.S. imports. A specific example of how unaware the people are is an incident in Costa Rica. The field workers in a sugar plantation were not told of the dangers of the pesticides that they applied, and they were not given any protective clothing. Many of them went shirtless, and in tennis shoes with no socks. They had used this pesticide for several days when many began to complain of headache and nausea; some began to vomit blood. One man died, but fortunately the problem was discovered in time to treat the rest of the workers before they died. Another of the problems that arise from pesticide exportation is getting it back in the produce we import from these countries. One third of the poison banned in the U.S. returns in what is being called the circle of poison, which is when pesticides that are exported and used on produce that return on the produce, back to the people it was being meant to keep away from. (Scanlan pg.1) To avoid this, many people are shopping at health food stores where pesticides have not been used on the food. There is a basic progression that occurs when the body is poisoned by a pesticide. First there is a biochemical inactivation of an enzyme. Next this biochemical change leads to cellular change. Then the cellular change causes symptoms of poisoning seen or felt in the particular organ where the enzyme that was deactivated was. All this changes a body's homeostasis*, and when homeostasis can not be maintained or restored, disease occurs. Most effects aren't permanent, but may take a long time to completely recover from. However, some do cause permanent damage. The damage of pesticide poisoning varies. It can effect just one particular organ system, or it can effect a number of organ systems.( GTI. Manifestations of Toxic Effects. pg 1) Another problem that pesticide poisoning possess is detection. A history of being exposed to chemicals can cause illness that can be hard to distinguish from a viral infection, such as the flu. One might go to long without treatment thinking they have a virus that they will eventually overcome, when in reality they have been poisoned by pesticides, which can lead to worse and worse damage over time. "People who handle chemicals frequently in the course of their jobs and become ill, should tell their physicians about their previous exposure to chemicals." (GTI Manifestations of Toxic Effects) The statistics of harm from pesticides are numerous. "Each year 25 million people, primarily from the Southern Hemisphere, are poisoned through occupational exposure to pesticides; of those 220,000 die." Pesticides have been linked to cancer in many

Finding the American Dream essays

Finding the American Dream essays In the United States, one major ideology has been the American Dream, which suggests that equality of opportunity exists and that your positions in the social class structure are a reflection of what you deserve. According to Wikipedia the American Dream is defined as a national ethos of the United States in which freedom includes the promise of prosperity and success. According to James Truslow Adams, he states that life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement, regardless of social class or circumstances of birth. The idea of the American Dream is rooted in the United States Declaration of Independence which proclaims that all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights including Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. Each individual comes to the United States in search for a better life. They want to seek religious freedom, equality, education, and to make money. Some people risk all they ever had in their country of origin to attain the American Dream. The United States is known by all to be the land of the opportunities. There are no boundaries to what religion you want to practice, to what profession you study, or how you choose to live your life. Social stratification is the division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative property, power, and prestige. There are three systems of social stratification; slavery, caste, and class. During the 1800S slavery was a social stratification, but after the 13 amendment was passed in 1850, slavery was abolished. There is no limit or restriction when moving from one class to the other. The idealistic vision of the American Dream is that people are not discriminated against race, religion, gender, and national origin. In the United States Education allows you the opportunity to acquire a title and move up in ...

Comparison between two advert Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comparison between two advert - Essay Example The paper analyzes the two memorable ads presented by the Nike and Adidas. The two companies have very different approaches to their advertising techniques and style. Adidas normally focuses in the notion that any of their sportswear is strong and can withstand impossible pressures. For example, this ad http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8TnG7jyfoWI shows a man running and a background description that the man wears Nike. The other man, apparently carrying a 50-pound camera and filming the running man, wears Adidas. This theme of strength and durability presented by the ad reflects Adidas’ slogan of â€Å"Impossible is Nothing!† The idea this ad is trying to feed into the minds of the viewers is that with Adidas, you’re assured of a durable product which can withstand a heavier load than Nike can do. Nike on the other hand presents a different perspective of their slogan, â€Å"Just Do It!† For instance, in this YouTube video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BO M1k4oLGJU Nike presents a commercial of Good vs. Evil which creates an illusion that skills are better than shear strength. Shot through the eyes of the soccer legends like French’s Zinedine Zidane and Eric Cantona, Brazil’s Ronaldo among others, who represents Nike and others evil men representing evil. With skills, the soccer stars manage to outdo the seemingly strong evil men in the soccer pitch. The two companies have differentiated themselves in terms of brand value and attributes of their products. However, both Nike and Adidas use some complex multimodal choices in attempts to appeal to their brand identity. In order to understand the complex nature of the ads, it is important to look at the frameworks of social semiotics, film theory, and branding (Roy 2006, p.27) that have been adversely applied within the two ads. From the Nike’s ad, it is critical to note the emphasis is on the functional supernatural power of skills over strength. On the other hand, Adidas’ functional benefits are emphasized by their strong boot’s ability to withstand pressure in a rugged terrain. More importantly, it is prudent to note that Nike portrays the notion of hardworking players with winning mentality and strong attitude to compete. Adidas, on the other hand, portrays dedication, passion and active involvement of individuals in any activity. From the Nike’s ad and slogan, â€Å"Just Do It!† one can deduce the fact that Nike has maintained their tradition of not only producing quality shoes for professional athletes but also emphasizing activity of jogging in the everyday life of communities. The philosophy in this ad is that sports heroes associated with Nike products can build the brand. Through these sports heroes, Nike has managed to cultivate the image that their products can enhance hard work, competitiveness, and toughness (Aaker, 2002, p.129). The end result, however, is that its all about talent that matter. Nike em phasizes on talents, while Adidas stresses on hard work. Adidas has a different approach as indicated in the ad. Founded on the culture of quality and innovation, Adidas has emphasized on strength for their sportswear products, which can withstand any weather and diversity. Adidas emphasis is on quality and ability of its products to meet any physical challenge. In other words, rather than focusing on the renowned stars, the company emphasized team spirit, strength, and power to withstand pressure. Finally, the two commercials share some common film theories in the making of their

Knowledge Management in Emirates Secondary Schools Assignment

Knowledge Management in Emirates Secondary Schools - Assignment Example In this essay the researcher presents his proposal for a piece of research, which is aimed to investigate the relationship between the current state of management, technology and culture and the knowledge management activities in the Emirates secondary schools. The researcher also hopes that this study will promote an improvement of the existing knowledge management practices in the UAE educational system and make a contribution in positive changes in the country economy at a whole. The modern education system in the UAE is based basically on the same fundamentals as educational systems of many other world nations – on Western pedagogical models and the current K-12 curriculum. However, it differs profoundly by its cultural and political context. One of the major distinctions of the system is the lack of qualified national teachers. Results of the study presented by Muysken discusses the causes of the deficient educational system in the UAE, the implications of this system and main factors constraining knowledge transfer in the UAE schools. The results prove evidently the necessity of improvement of the educational system of the Emirates, where the effective KM may be crucial. This essay suggests that this research will be a remarkable step towards the deeper understanding of nature and particular features of these supporting factors regarding the UAE educational system. The researcher believes that this study will be also helpful for researchers who are going to conduct further research in the area of KM in education.

The Relationship Between The Big Five Personality Psychology Essay

The Relationship Between The Big Five Personality Psychology Essay Personality traits as the characteristics of a person with consistent patterns of behaviour are undoubtedly playing a significant role in determining a students success in pursuing his or her tertiary education. Therefore, this research aims to investigate and examine the effects of personality traits on the students performance in UTAR Kampar Campus, Perak, Malaysia. As proposed by Costa and McCrae (1992), the Big-Five Personality Traits model has been used in this study whereby the model categorizes humans personality into five factors, namely the Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Openness to Experience, Extraversion, and lastly Neuroticism. Target population for this research is approximately 408 students and a questionnaire encompassing 3 sections was presented to the respondents. The study subjects were 200 accounting students in UTAR Kampar Campus. For data analysis, the Pearson Correlation Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis are adopted to determine the relationships bet ween the variables. Overall, completion of this study will provide a guideline as to which traits would be favourable for students to harness so as to achieve better results in tertiary education. Lastly, this study also confirmed the validity and reliability of the Big-Five Personality Traits model as proposed by Costa and McCrae (1992). CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction This chapter gives a general idea of this research, where it comprises of seven sections. The research background briefly explains what are personality and students performance. The problem statement is addressed in the second section. Research objectives and research questions are also highlighted in this chapter and lastly, significance of the study, outline of chapter, and conclusion is followed by. 1.1 Research Background When someone talks about students performance, what is it actually refers to? Past studies broadly defined students performance as a pedagogical terminology used to determine learners achievement in formal education while to measure a students performance is only by examinations (Tope, 2011). Apparently, it gives rise to the question of whether what is the definite measurement of it? Is examination the only way to measure a students performance? Does the employers nowadays only concern about students academic achievement? While most employers actually view that way, it would be unfair to only compare a persons past achievement in a sole aspect. Nonetheless, some employers nowadays are different whereby they perceive that a successful student should include academic success, secured position in career field, and ability to apply knowledge and skills in real life (Dean, 1998). Therefore, quantitative measurement such as Grade Point Average (GPA) may not be the only factor to determine a students performance whereby other qualities such as communication skills, leadership, and team performance should also be considered (Sansgiry, Bhosle Sail, 2006). Due to aggressive competitions in business world, employers demand higher requirements in fresh graduates (Maurin, Thesmar Thoenig, 2002; Koda, Yuki Hong, 2011). The criterion includes time management, teamwork and leadership ability (Weligamage Siengthai, 2003). Students possessing such skills are definitely in a better position of securing job opportunities. Therefore, higher attention should be placed on graduate students personality as it affects their employability which in turn influences unemployment rates in Malaysia (Ismail, 2011). On the contrary, when people talks about human personality, what is the first thought that comes into your mind? Most people think that it is the different attitudes or habits that each individual possess. This is known as the individual differences or national characters that differentiate people (Mooradian Swan, 2006). Previous studies clarified that there indeed exist differences in individuals attitude from different countries (Lynn Martin, 1994). A simple example of this is where some people would tend to be more sociable and talkative, and some would be the exact opposite (Wilt Revelle, 2008). Such difference would somehow cause different outcomes in ones education with their future career at stake. While it is difficult to completely define the term personality, Pervins study defined it as the characteristics of a person with consistent patterns of behavior (Saleem, Beaudry Croteau, 2011). Apart from that, recent studies presented that personalities can be branched out to other perspectives such as the biological model of the Big-Five personality traits (DeYoung, Hirsh, Shane, Papademetris, Rajeevan Gray, 2010), and the Dark Triad personality traits (Jonason, Webster, Schmitt, Li Crysel, 2012). Personality is becoming an important factor in various situations (Caspi, Roberts Shiner, 2005) where at working place, a right personality allow workers to interact well with colleagues and clients thus expanding their network span; at university, students are more sociable thus studies in a comfortable environment (Bester, 2007). Furthermore, many human-made issues and criminal cases can be related to the decline in ones personality, in other words, lacks of Personality Development (PoliÃ…Â ¡enskà ½, 2006). Then, Jinnie (2011) stated that a person with good personality will enhance his or her communication skills and anger management. Meanwhile, in managements perspective, a positive personality will aid in clearing workers negative conditioning, anxiety, and depressions in solving problems (Morton, 2011; Brunello Schlotter, 2011). Therefore, personality is an important determinant of career choice (Holland, 1976). In relation to students performance at school or university, prior studies have identified the five personalities that affect students behavior where this in turn affects their performances. In this case, the Big-Five personality model is an effective way to predict an individuals behavior as it has been widely used and proved to be convincing (Noftle Shaver, 2006; Robbins, 2007). 1.2 Problem Statement Students performance has been a questionable factor on the employability of fresh graduates and how well are they satisfying the qualities that the employers looking for (Marshall, 2010). According to Department of Statistic in Malaysia, unemployment rate among fresh graduates has been rising from 2.6% in 1996 to 3.1% in 2011. The Prime Minister of Malaysia also indicated that the highly skilled workforce in 2010 is only 23% where this percentage is still far from the minimum requirement, compared with some of the developing countries (Ramakrishnan Yasin, 2011). In the past decade, there are various studies being carried out by the researchers to examine the effect of students performances using the Big-Five personality traits. Gray and Watson (2002) investigated the connections between personalities and sleep that have the combined effects on students academic outcomes in United States. According to Komarraju, Karau and Schmeck (2009), personality traits are important to improve students self-motivation in attaining higher academic honors. Besides, a study in Iran investigated that students distinct characteristic and personality is one of the variables that affect their academic achievement (Hakimi, Hejazi Lavasani, 2011). On the other hand, Taher, Chen and Yao (2011) studied the relationship between MBA students performance and their personality traits whereas Kalshoven, Hartog and Hoogh (2010) carried out a study on individual leadership skill and used only three out of five of the big-five personality traits (conscientiousness, agreeab leness, and emotional stability). However, there are still some deficiencies in the past empirical researches. The study in Gray and Watson (2002) only focuses on the universitys students in their country, therefore no firm explanations that the results of the past research are valid in Malaysia. Besides, Komarraju et al. (2009) pointed out that the personality of the students is being influenced by the environment as the research was conducted in various universities. In addition, Hakimi et al. (2011)s study is very limited due to the area of research were not conducted in Asia. This indicates that little study has been done on the students in Malaysia. Moreover, the study of Taher et al. (2011) also ignored the other aspects of students performance other than their scores and grades. Lastly, Kalshoven et al. (2010) did not include all of the Big-Five factors of personality traits in their research and this implies that the researchs results and measurements of personality traits may not be accurate. Therefore, this research is carried out to fill the gaps of past researches by investigating the personality traits as the one of the important factors that affects the several aspects of university students performance in Malaysia. 1.3 Research Objectives and Research Questions Table 1.1: Research Objectives and Research Questions Research Objectives Research Questions General Objective In general, this research aims to investigate and examine the relationship of personality traits on the students performance in UTAR. General Question Do personality traits relate to the students performance in UTAR? Specific Objectives To examine the relationship between conscientiousness and students performance in UTAR. To examine the relationship between agreeableness and students performance in UTAR. To examine the relationship between openness to experience and students performance in UTAR. To examine the relationship between extraversion and students performance in UTAR. To examine the relationship between neuroticism and students performance in UTAR. Specific Questions Is there any relationship between conscientiousness and students performance in UTAR? Is there any relationship between agreeableness and students performance in UTAR? Is there any relationship between openness to experience and students performance in UTAR? Is there any relationship between extraversion and students performance in UTAR? Is there any relationship between neuroticism and students performance in UTAR? Source: Developed for the research 1.4 Significance of the Study 1.4.1 Theoretical Perspective From an educational perspective, this research can serve as a basic guideline for future researchers as it is a modified research model in terms of measuring students performance qualitatively. This research also confirmed the previous theory of Five Factor Model of personality traits by Costa and McCrae (1992), thus adding credibility towards the theory. 1.4.2 Practical Perspective From country-wide perspective, students, as the citizens of Malaysia, developing their personality and improving their performance would boost overall capability and reduces unemployment rates in Malaysia as more students will be employed. From the industry perspective, findings from this research may contribute to the employer by providing the basic information on which type of employees personality is preferable. Although it may not be of huge importance, employers should not overlook this aspect in recruitment as employees with great personality will definitely enhance the organizations intellectual use of available human resources. 1.5 Chapter Layout Chapter One covers the introduction of this research which includes research background, problem statement, research objectives and questions, and lastly the significance of this study. Chapter Two explores the core theories by reviewing literatures of past empirical studies and developing theoretical framework and hypotheses. Chapter Three explains the research methodology adopted whereby it includes the research design, population and sampling procedures, data collection and analysis techniques, and variables and measurements. Chapter Four presents the analyzed data and results from the target respondents detailed in descriptive and inferential analysis, and scale measurements. Chapter Five briefly concludes this research as it summarizes the findings from this research and also providing implications, limitations, and recommendations for this research. 1.6 Conclusion This chapter has acknowledged the problem statement, research questions and objectives, significance of the study and the outline of the research project. In Chapter Two, it would then provide the relevant literature review. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 Introduction The previous chapter has highlighted the introduction of this research project. This chapter will touch on the literature review of the research. Literature review provides a comprehensive review on the secondary sources of data done by previous authors or researchers such as books, journal articles, thesis papers, research projects, and reports. This chapter embodies five sections. Firstly, Section 2.1 is the review of literature whilst Section 2.2 reviews the prior empirical studies. Then, Section 2.3 shows the proposed theoretical conceptual framework. After that, Section 2.4 is the development of hypotheses. Lastly, Section 2.5 summarizes this chapter to provide a general understanding to the readers. 2.1 Review of the Literature Based on the prior researches, it has been widely accepted that the Big Five Personality Traits by McCrae and Costa (1992), and Digman (1990) can determine ones individual characteristics (Moghaddam, Peyvandi Wang, 2009). In this part, this research will define and explain thoroughly each of these traits to provide for the development of hypotheses for this research and lastly, relating each of them with the students performance. 2.1.1 Conscientiousness Conscientiousness is defined by John and Srivastava (1999) as individual differences in the propensity to be goal directed (Savelyev, 2012). According to Barrick and Mount (1991), traits of conscientiousness includes being dependable, responsible, and organized (Trinh, 2002). More specifically, individual who is measured as high in conscientiousness is determined and strong-willed (Bruck Allen, 2002). 2.1.2 Agreeableness According to Nettle and Liddle (2008), Digmans and Grazianos study suggested that agreeableness is associated to a persons warmth, friendliness and conformance with others. It is also supported by Janss and Rabinowitzs study where traits of agreeableness include unselfishness, friendliness and modesty (Bozionelos, 2003). Thus, people who is high in agreeableness is likely to get along well with others (Judge, Livingston, Hurst, 2011). 2.1.3 Openness to Experience Yamagatas study defined openness to experience as people who are intellectually curious (McCrae Sutin 2009) and individuals who are measured high in openness are curious for inner and outer world (Bruck Allen, 2002). Conversely, low in openness to experience usually have a narrow and common interest and likes to enjoy routine activities (Flynn, 2005). 2.1.4 Extraversion Traits of extraversion can be represented by sociability, assertiveness, and social dominance (Bozionelos, 2003). Judges and Wastsons study also supported that viewpoint as it refers extraversion to sociability (Chan, 2007). In other words, it is a tendency to search for stimulation and to enjoy mingling with other people. 2.1.5 Neuroticism Defined as a tendency to experience unpleasant emotions easily, neuroticism continuum ranges from calm and composed to nervous and anxious (Greenberg Baron, 2008). Eysenck (1967) defines that neuroticism accounts for a low tolerance for stress (Norris, Larsen Cacioppo, 2007). In other words, neurotic people respond poorly to environmental stress, and often interpret ordinary and minor situations as threatening and difficult (Hettema, Neale, Myers, Prescott Kendler, 2006). 2.1.6 The Relationship between the Big-Five Personality Traits and Students Performance Chamorro-Premuzic and Furnham (2003) indicated that conscientiousness has a strong direct positive relationship with students academic performance and this is also supported by many existing literatures (Conrad, 2006; Zyphur, Bradley, Landia Thoresen, 2008). However, some showed otherwise as a mediating factor exist (Conrad Patry, 2012). The trait is also able to influence a persons behavior which in turn affects their academic behaviors such as self-efficacy and learning styles (Bong, 2008). Additionally, Laidra, Pullmann and Allik (2006) studied the relationship of personality traits and general intelligence with the students academic performances. The study showed that Conscientiousness has a positive association with academic performance. H1: There is a positive relationship between conscientiousness and students performance. Farsides and Woodfield (2003) indicated that agreeableness is negatively correlated with absence for classes. Furthermore, high attendance in classes and seminars has a positive contribution on students performance (Arulampalam, Naylor Smith, 2008). Nevertheless, Nyugen, Allen Fraccastoro (2005) proposed that there was indirect relationship between agreeableness and students performance as the learning style is the mediating factor (Chamillard Sward, 2005). Students with this trait are able to interact and learn well with others especially in groups; thus, agreeableness also enhanced team cohesion which in turn affected their performance positively (Oneill Kline, 2008). Thus, agreeableness is positively correlated with students performance (Taher Jin, 2011). H2: There is a positive relationship between agreeableness and students performance. Duff, Boyle, Dunleavy and Ferguson (2003) revealed that openness has positive effects on learning approach (deep approach) and such approach is positively related to students performance. Learning approach plays an important role in linking the Big-Five traits with students performance (Cano Berben, 2009; Chamorro-Premuzic et al., 2006). This is further supported by Chamorro-Premuzic, Furnham and Lewis (2006). Furthermore, Furnham, Monsen and Ahmetoglu (2009) proposed that openness had significant relationship with students performance provided the mediator is deep approach. H3: There is a positive relationship between openness to experience and students performance. According to Furnham, Zhang and Chamorro-Premuzic (2006), extraversion can be recognized as a persons interpersonal and intrapersonal skills. Furthermore, extraversion is made up of two central components; affiliation which was having warm personal relationship and agency which was being socially dominant (Bono, 2004). In addition, the most common definitions of extraversion are ascendance and sociability (Mooradian Swan, 2006). Therefore, extraverted individual are more likely to have a desire to work with others and more confident in their ability to work effectively within a team structure. It is essential when an individual is joining a group study and will enhance student performance (Morgeson, Reider, Campion, 2005). In spite of this, students with high extravert personality prefer to be sociable and active in extra-curricular activities rather than focusing on their studies. Thus, students performance would be adversely affected. Chamorro-Premuzic and Furnham (2003) research ed on the relationship of personality traits and students academic performance at University College London and as a result, extraversion was negatively related with students academic performance. H4: There is a negative relationship between extraversion and students performance. Neuroticism may affect a persons ability resulting in poorer academic performance (Chamorro-Premuzic Furnham, 2006; Lievens, Ones Dilchert, 2009). As cited under Ahmad and Rana (2012), many neurotic students suffered higher percentage of failures in examinations because this trait shifts the students concentration away from study due to negative emotions. On the other hand, students who obtained high grades were less associated with anxious emotions (Al-Qaisy Khuffash, 2012; Al-Qaisy, 2011), this suggested students with high grades are good in managing their stress. Nevertheless, Poropat (2011) conducted a research about the use of personality in predicting academic performance and proved that there is significant negative correlation between neuroticism and academic performance. H5: There is a negative relationship between neuroticism and students performance. 2.2 Review of Relevant Theoretical Models 2.2.1 The Big-Five Personality The earliest founders of The Big-Five Theory are Tupes and Christal (1961) as they established the five factors of personality traits that we know today (Busato, Prins, Elshout Hamaker, 1999). Unfortunately, their study was published in an obscure Air-Force publication that was not read by many people, therefore the theory was not widely-known at that time (Locklair, 2011). According to Goldberg (1993), other early explorers of The Big-Five include Borgatta (1964) and Smith (1967) who continued the founders work. The first version of this theory is called  The Big-Five, introduced by  Warren Norman in 1963 (Boeree, 2006). The Big-Five Personality Traits is a comprehensive research which analyzes human personality together with their traits (Digman, 1990). Particularly, a five-dimensional personality traits model is proposed by McCrae and Costa (1992) after studying on the Five-Factor Model (FFM) and its applications. To further understanding humans personality, this study categorized humans personality into five main factors, namely the Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Openness to Experience, Extraversion, and Neuroticism. FFM model dominated the personality field over the past two decades due to its famous recognition as a comprehensive description of personality traits and provided a major degree of convergence in the trait-factor analytic psychology (Nikolaou Robertson, 2001). This study has come across many researches about the Big-Five personality model. Thus, it shows that this model can be used in many areas as it gives us the fasters and accurate way to identify a persons attitudes and behaviors (Pickens, 2005). However, the Big-Five personality model has also been discovered to have effects on social or friendship networking behavior (Wehrli, 2008); in addition that it is also a good predictor for employees job performance (Hurtz Donovan, 2000; Fietze, Holst Tobsch, 2010). Nevertheless, this model can also be applied to almost everyone in this world every individual possess all five personalities of the model to a greater or lesser extent (Soto, Gosling, John, Potter, 2011). Apart from that, the Big-Five model is also applied to the research done by Distel, Trull, Willemsen, Vink, Derom, Iynskey, Martin and Boomsma (2009); studying the five personality traits and nature of personality disorders. Furthermore, in the aspect of employment, studies on the five personalities are also conducted relating to executive mangers job recruitment and fresh graduates (Dykeman Dykeman, 1996). The Big-Five includes Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Openness to Experience, Extraversion, and Neuroticism. As there are many personality-related-researches also utilized this Big-Five model, this study exploit this advantage and uses this model to give us the faster and accurate way to identify a persons attitudes and behaviors (Kumar, Bakhshi Rani, 2009). Hence, this theory will be applied in this research as it is a widely-used theory in evaluating peoples personality (Brown Taylor, 2011; Wood, Linley, Maltby, Baliousis Joseph, 2008). 2.3 Proposed Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework Figure 2.1: Relationship between the Big Five Personality Traits to Students Performance Big 5 Personality Traits Independent Variables Dependent Variable Conscientiousness H1 H2 Agreeableness H3 Students Performance Openness to Experience H4 H5 Extraversion Neuroticism Sources: adapted from Taher et al., 2011; Anwar, Shahzed Ijaz-ul-Rehman, 2011; Chen, Tsai Chen, 2009 Based on the literature review, a conceptual framework has been developed and shown in Figure 2.1. This research is conducted to test the relationship between the independent variables and dependent variable. Whereby, independent variables comprises of conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness to experience, extraversion and neuroticism, whilst dependent variable is students performance. Previous researches (Nguyen, Allen Fraccastoro, 2005; Chowdhury, 2006) showed that the five factors have produced distinct results. From the proposed conceptual framework, hypotheses will be developed and it is to be proven after completion of a thorough empirical study investigating whether personality traits are related to students performance. 2.4 Hypotheses Development Based on the review of the prior empirical studies discussed at 2.1.6, a summary of the hypotheses development is presented as below. Table 2.1: Development of Hypotheses Personality Traits Hypotheses Conscientiousness H1: There is a positive relationship between conscientiousness and students performance. Agreeableness H2: There is a positive relationship between agreeableness and students performance. Openness to experience H3: There is a positive relationship between openness to experience and students performance. Extraversion H4: There is a negative relationship between extraversion and students performance. Neuroticism H5: There is a negative relationship between neuroticism and students performance. Source: Developed for the research 2.5 Conclusion A review of literature has been carried out in this chapter and it has been discovered that there are different opinions from researchers regarding the relationship between the Big-Five Personality traits with students performance. Besides, an understanding on the Big-Five Personality traits has been done for a clear explanation and how can it be associated with students performance. Then, a conceptual framework has been proposed to show the relationship between each trait with students performance. Finally, hypotheses have been developed based on the literatures reviewed and the discussion for relevant methods to be used in this study will be conducted in the following chapter. CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 3.0 Introduction This chapter will address an overview of the research methodology. At the beginning of this chapter, the research design in term of quantity methodology and deductive research approach will be described. Next, the population, sample and sampling procedures would be explained. After that, data collection methods that have been applied which are primary and secondary data collection are discussed. In addition, variable and measurement were also being presented in this chapter. Lastly, data processing and its analysis would be presented to summarize the findings. 3.1 Research Design The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between Big-Five Personality Traits and students performance in UTAR. Primary data collection and survey method were used in this research in which questionnaires will be self-administered because it is affordable and time saving. Based on the purpose of this study, a deductive research approach was adopted. Besides that, a quantitative methodology was employed because it clearly and precisely specifies both variables of the study (Alaxei, 2002). Moreover, this type of research is a descriptive study because it describes and documents on a phenomenon (Johnson, 2001). The research is based on a cross-sectional study due to the time constraint by academic purposes. Hence, investigation was limited to a subset of population only. 3.2 Data Collection Methods 3.2.1 Primary Data Collection For this research, a self-administrated questionnaire is preferred because it provides convenience to both the researchers and respondents. As an effort to establish the validity and reliability of the survey questionnaire, a total of 30 questionnaires were distributed for a pilot test to check the questionnaires understandability (Black, 2008). After that, questionnaires were distributed to 270 respondents whereby they are expected to complete it under researchers supervisory within twenty minutes and returned to ensure no missing questionnaires. 3.2.2 Secondary Data Collection Secondary data collection involves the literatures review on related past studies (Daas Toth, 2012). This method is vital because relying on primary data collection is not adequate to complete this research (Sandall, Schwartz Lacroix, 2004). Besides, review on literatures also allows the researchers a better understanding on the topic and able to prove the hypotheses developed earlier (Bailey, 2006). 3.3 Sampling Design 3.3.1 Target Population Target population is a complete collection group of objects or people that are specifically identified for an investigation (Wang, 2007). Final year accounting undergraduates in UTAR, Kampar Campus were the target respondents for this research as there is no personality-related study addressing the wide aspects of students performance carried out in this university, hence this university is targeted to examine the relationships between the five factor model of personality traits and students performance. Previous personality-related researches only studied the relationships between personality and perceived benefits on e-ticketing behaviour, and also personality and social networking behavior. Undergraduate students tend to have a higher proficiency in English language, thus they would understand this researchs survey better. Moreover, another reason is that labor market is new to fresh accounting graduate as they will be joining the labor force soon and thus it is emerging trend for the employers to seek high performances, vital interpersonal skills and personality development among the undergraduates (Lim, 2011; Sirat, Chan, Shuib, Rahman, Kamil, Singh, 2012). Besides, Lim (2007) found out that the accounting students in Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) would have higher unemployment probability. This highlights that there might be a chance of UTAR accounting students facing the same problem since the competition for best and talented accounting graduates is getting more intense especially in large accounting firm (Brundy Norris, 2011). Therefore, it is interested to investigate the connection between personality traits and students performance in which will affects their employability in future. 3.3.2 Sampling Frame and Sampling Location According to Thompson (1999), sampling is necessary as it is too expensive and impractical to study on every single element in the population. However, sampling frame for this research could not be obtained as the students full details cannot be disclosed due to the universitys privacy policy. Final year accounting undergraduates in UTAR, Kampar Campus were the target respondents for this research because it is convenient and easier to be contacted for researchers (Loh, 2011). The popu

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